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A Concise Vocabulary of Audiology and allied topicsPart 2: AbbreviationsB.W. Lawton Research Fellow and D.W. Robinson Visiting Professor © 1999 Institute of Sound and Vibration Research. All rights reserved. First published in book form in 1999 as ISBN 0854326839 This on-line version contains some additional material not in the original printed version. Abbreviations for institutions, government bodies and documents are given first, followed by Abbreviations for technical terms. The main vocabulary is in Part 1
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| ABBREVIATIONS | INSTITUTIONS, GOVERNMENT BODIES, DOCUMENTS etc |
| AAA | American Academy of Audiology |
| AAO | American Academy of Otolaryngology (formerly AAOO) |
| AAOO | American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology |
| AAS | American Auditory Society |
| ANSI | American National Standards Institute (formerly ASA) |
| ASA | 1. American Standards Association (see ANSI) 2. Acoustical Society of America |
| ASHA | American Speech-Language-Hearing Association |
| BAAP | British Association of Audiological Physicians |
| BAAS | British Association of Audiological Scientists |
| BAAT | British Association of Audiology Technicians |
| BACDA | British Association of Community Doctors in Audiology |
| BAOL | British Association of Otolaryngologists |
| BATOD | British Association of Teachers of the Deaf |
| BCIG | British Cochlear Implant Group |
| BIG | Balance Interest Group (of the BSA) |
| BS | British Standard; see entry in main section |
| BSA | British Society of Audiology |
| BSHAA | British Society of Hearing Aid Audiologists |
| BSHT | British Society of Hearing Therapists |
| BSI | British Standards Institution |
| CCITT | Comité Consultatif International Télégraphique et Téléphique |
| CEC | Commission of the European Communities |
| CEN | European Committee for Standardization |
| CENELEC | European Committee for Electrical Standardization |
| CHABA | NRC-NAS Committee on Hearing, Bioacoustics and Biomechanics (National Research Council-National Academy of Sciences, USA) |
| CID | Central Institute for the Deaf (USA) |
| EC | European Community |
| EEC | European Economic Community |
| EN | European standard; see entry in main section |
| ETSI | European Telecommunications Standards Institute |
| EU | European Union |
| HAC | Hearing Aid Council |
| HAIC | Hearing Aid Industries Conference (USA) |
| HSC | Health and Safety Commission |
| HSE | Health and Safety Executive |
| IAAP | International Association of Audiological Physicians |
| IAPA | International Association of Physicians in Audiology |
| IEC | International Electrotechnical Commission |
| IHR | MRC Institute of Hearing Research |
| IIAC | Industrial Injuries Advisory Council |
| ILO | Institute of Laryngology and Otology |
| ISA | International Society of Audiology |
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
| ITU | International Telecommunications Union (UN) |
| ITU-T | ITU Telecommunications Standardization Sector (of former CCITT) |
| MRC | Medical Research Council |
| NAL | National Acoustic Laboratories (Australia) |
| NBS | National Bureau of Standards (USA) (now re-named NIST) |
| NCPA | National Committee of Professionals in Audiology |
| NDCS | National Deaf Children's Society |
| NIH | National Institutes of Health (USA) |
| NIOSH | National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (USA) |
| NIST | National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA) |
| NPL | National Physical Laboratory |
| NSH | National Study of Hearing (by the MRC Institute of Hearing Research) |
| OIML | International Organization of Legal Metrology |
| OSHA | Occupational Safety and Health Administration (USA) |
| RNID | Royal National Institute for Deaf People |
| SI | Système International d'Unités |
| USPHS | United States Public Health Service |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| ABBREVIATIONS
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TECHNICAL TERMS In the section below, terms shown in bold are defined in the main Vocabulary. Also below are a number of obsolescent or obsolete terms; these
are given for historical interest. Some terms in light type occur in the main text, but not as independent entries. |
| AAHL | age-associated hearing loss |
| AATS | age-associated threshold shift |
| AB | designator for word lists devised by Arthur Boothroyd (lists adapted for Southern English are designated AB-S) |
| ABG | air-bone gap |
| ABLB | alternate binaural loudness balance |
| ABR | auditory brainstem response |
| AC | alternating current |
| a-c | air conduction |
| ADN | auditory disability with normal hearing (same as OAD) |
| AGC | automatic gain control |
| AHTL | apparent hearing threshold level (as in Stenger test) |
| AI | articulation index |
| AM | amplitude modulation |
| AMLB | alternate monaural loudness balance (same as MLB) |
| AP | action potential |
| APR | auropalpebral reflex |
| APV | assumed protection value (of a hearing protector) |
| ARD | acoustic reflex decay |
| ARHL | age-related hearing loss (same as AAHL) |
| ART | acoustic reflex threshold |
| ARTS | age-related threshold shift (same as AATS) |
| AVC | automatic volume control |
| BAHA | bone-anchored hearing aid |
| BPPV | benign paroxysmal positional vertigo |
| b-c | bone conduction |
| BE | behind-the-ear (hearing aids) |
| BER | brainstem evoked response |
| BKB | Bamford-Kowal-Bench (speech test sentences) |
| BMLD | binaural masking level difference |
| BW | body-worn (hearing aids) |
| CANS | central auditory nervous system |
| CAPD | central auditory processing disorder (USA) |
| CCM | contralateral competing message test (USA) |
| CDP | computerized dynamic posturography |
| CERA | cortical electric response audiometry |
| CHL | conductive hearing loss |
| CIC | completely-in-canal (hearing aids) |
| CM | cochlear microphonic |
| CNV | contingent negative variation |
| CORA | conditioned orientation response audiometry |
| CP | canal paresis |
| CPA | cerebello-pontine angle |
| cps, c/s | cycle per second (obsolete abbreviations) |
| CROS | contralateral routeing of signals (hearing aids) |
| CVC | consonant-vowel-consonant |
| dB | decibel (unit of level) |
| DC | direct current |
| DL | 1. difference limen 2. discrimination loss |
| DP | directional preponderance |
| DPOAE | distortion-product otoacoustic emission |
| DSF | delayed speech feedback |
| ECochG | electrocochleography |
| ECoG | electrocochleography (USA) |
| EDA | electrodermal audiometry |
| EEG | electroencephalography |
| EMG | electromyography |
| ENG | electronystagmography |
| EOAE | evoked otoacoustic emission |
| EOG | electro-oculography (same as ENG) |
| EP | endocochlear potential |
| ERA | 1. electric response audiometry 2. evoked response audiometry |
| ERP | event-related potential |
| FHL | functional hearing loss (same as NOHL) |
| FM | frequency modulation |
| GHTL | genuine hearing threshold level |
| HATS | head-and-torso simulator |
| HHS | Hearing Handicap Scale (USA) |
| HL | hearing level |
| HLS | hearing level of speech |
| HML | high-medium-low (method of hearing protector rating) |
| HMS | Hearing Measurement Scale |
| HOSRTL | half optimum speech recognition threshold level |
| HPD | hearing protection device |
| HPLE | half-peak level elevation |
| HTL | hearing threshold level |
| HTLA | hearing threshold level associated with age |
| HTLAN | hearing threshold level associated with age and noise |
| Hz | hertz (unit of frequency) |
| ICM | ipsilateral competing message test (USA) |
| IHC | inner hair cell |
| IPA | international phonetic alphabet |
| ISI | inter-stimulus interval |
| ITC | in-the-canal (hearing aids) |
| ITE | in-the-ear (hearing aids) |
| I/O | input/output function |
| jnd | just-noticeable difference |
| LDL | loudness discomfort level (same as ULL) |
| MAF | minimum audible (sound) field |
| MAP | minimum audible (sound) pressure |
| MCL | most comfortable (listening) level |
| MEC | middle-ear compliance |
| MEP | middle-ear pressure |
| MIRE | microphone-in-real-ear (referring to a measurement technique) |
| MLB | monaural loudness balance |
| MLD | masking level difference |
| MLS | maximum length sequence |
| MMN | mismatch negativity |
| MRT | Modified Rhyme Test |
| MSRS | maximum speech recognition score |
| N | newton (unit of force) |
| NBN | narrow-band noise |
| NDT | noise detection threshold (USA) |
| nHL | normal hearing level (applied to clicks or brief tone stimuli) |
| NIHL | noise-induced hearing loss |
| NIL | 1. noise immission level 2. noise interference level (USA) |
| NIPTS | noise-induced permanent threshold shift |
| NITTS | noise-induced temporary threshold shift |
| NOHL | non-organic hearing loss |
| NPN | neck positional nystagmus |
| NRR | noise reduction rating (of a hearing protector) (USA) |
| OAD | obscure auditory dysfunction |
| OAE | otoacoustic emission |
| ODS | optimum discrimination score (same as MSRS) |
| OFI | optic fixation index |
| OHC | outer hair cell |
| OKN | optokinetic nystagmus |
| OM | otitis media |
| OME | otitis media with effusion (glue ear) |
| Pa | pascal (unit of pressure and sound pressure) |
| PAM | 1. postauricular myogenic response 2. postauricular muscle |
| PB | phonetically-balanced (referring to speech material) |
| pe SPL | peak-to-peak equivalent sound pressure level |
| PEL | permissible exposure level (USA) |
| PN | positional nystagmus |
| PNR | predicted noise level reduction (of a hearing protector) |
| PPE | personal protective equipment (includes HPDs) |
| PTA | pure-tone audiometry |
| PTC | psychoacoustical tuning curve |
| PTS | permanent threshold shift |
| PULHEEMS | health classification scheme used by the UK Ministry of Defence (the "H" refers to hearing) |
| REAG | real-ear aided gain (of a hearing aid) |
| REAR | real-ear aided response (of a hearing aid) |
| REAT | real-ear attenuation at threshold (of a hearing protector) |
| RECD | real-ear to coupler difference |
| REG | real-ear gain (of a hearing aid) |
| REIG | real-ear insertion gain (of a hearing aid) |
| REOG | real-ear occluded gain (of a hearing aid) |
| REOR | real-ear occluded response (of a hearing aid) |
| RETFL | reference equivalent threshold force level |
| RETSPL | reference equivalent threshold sound pressure level |
| REUG | real-ear unaided gain (of a hearing aid) |
| REUR | real-ear unaided response (of a hearing aid) |
| rms | root mean square |
| RSRTL | reference speech recognition threshold level |
| SBLB | simultaneous binaural loudness balance |
| SCAN | screening test for children's auditory processing disorders (USA) |
| SCAN-A | screening test for adult auditory processing disorders (USA) |
| SCC | semicircular canal |
| SDTL | speech detection threshold level |
| SEL | sound exposure level |
| SFOAE | stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emission |
| SHTL | spurious hearing threshold level |
| SIL | speech interference level |
| SISG | simulated in-situ gain (of hearing aid) |
| SISI | short-increment sensitivity index |
| SL | sensation level |
| SN | spontaneous nystagmus |
| SNHL | sensorineural hearing loss |
| SNR | 1. signal-to-noise ratio (same as S/N) 2. single number rating (of a hearing protector) |
| SOAE | spontaneous otoacoustic emission |
| SOM | secretory otitis media |
| SP | summating potential |
| SPIN | speech intelligibility in noise test |
| SPL | sound pressure level |
| SRT | speech reception threshold |
| SRTL | speech recognition threshold level |
| SSPL | saturation sound pressure level (hearing aid output) |
| SSW | staggered spondaic word test |
| STAT | suprathreshold adaptation test (USA) |
| SVR | slow vertex response |
| SWAMI | speech with alternate masking index |
| SWL | sound power level |
| SWN | speech-weighted noise |
| S/N | signal-to-noise ratio (same as SNR) |
| TDT | threshold tone decay test (USA) |
| TEOAE | transient-evoked otoacoustic emission |
| THD | total harmonic distortion |
| TMD | tympanic membrane displacement |
| TOM | threshold of octave masking |
| TTD | threshold tone decay |
| TTS | temporary threshold shift |
| TWA | time-weighted average (sound level using 5 dB exchange rate over an 8 hour day, USA) |
| UCL | uncomfortable level (USA) |
| ULL | uncomfortable loudness level (same as LDL) |
| VOR | 1. vestibulo-ocular reflex 2. visual-orienting response |
| VRA | visual reinforcement audiometry |
| WBN | wideband noise |
| WIPI | Word Intelligibility by Picture Identification (test) (USA) |
| WNAP | whole-nerve action potential |